Lamp-burner



2 Sheets Sheet 1.

P. LUCAS.

(No Model.)

LAMP BURNER.

Patented Jan. 1.8, 1898.

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PATENT PAUL LUCAS, OF FRIEDENAU-BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE INCAN- DESCENT PETROLEUM-LAMP COMPANY, GF IVEST VIRGINIA.

LAM P-BU RN ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 597,682, dated January 18, 1898.

Application iiled September 18, 1897. Serial No. 652,187. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it Wwf/y concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL LUCAS, a subject of the King of Prussia, residing at Friedenau- Berlin, Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamp- Burners; .and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, aud exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to makeYY and. use the same.

This invention contemplates certain new and useful improvements in lamp-burners, having reference to burners for petroleumlamps. i

The primary object of the invention is to provide improved and highly-efficient means for producing a blue llame of intense heat developing no blacli and capable of generating a bright incandescent light by the aid of a well-known mantle suspended over the flame.

A further object is to provide improved means for raising and lowering the gallery and chimney.

The invention will be hereinafter fully set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a vertical longitudinal sectional view. Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the gasilier. Fig. 3 is a view showing the gallery raised. Fig. 4 is a view in perspective with parts broken away, showing the gallery-elevating mechanism.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the wick-tube, which is composed of inner and outer concentric members, through which is formed an opening a for the Kadmission of atmospheric air to the inside of the circular burner.

per end of the wick-tube and serves to direct against the wick the outer air-current entering through the lower portion of the gallery and the support therefor.

From what has thus far been said it will be seen that in addition to the central air-current through the Wick-tube outer air-currents are admitted through the perforated gallery and gallerysupport and also through the perforated cylinder, which extends above the upper end of the wick-tube. To allow of the free admission of air above the flanged ring h4, stops b are formed, on which reststhe lamp-chimney, 6o

leaving space for the admission of air.

C is what I term a gasilierf It consists of a perforated tubular body d, an upper imperforate cap d', and a lower ring d2. From the cap d depends a short rod d3, which lits in la tubular bearing d4, located centrally in wick-tube A. This gasifier is so supported that the lower ring thereof is held a short distance above and parallel with the upper end of the wick-tube and in such relation thereto 7o that if the wich should be raised suiiiciently far it will contact with the under side of ring cl2. The best light is obtained with the wick raised about half the distance between the end of the Wick-tube and the lower ring of the gasifier. I have found by actual practice that this gasilier accomplishes the best results. Air-currents rising within the wicktube upon reaching the upper end thereof and entering into the open space below the 8o ring d2 will contact with the inside of the wick and feed the flame, and thus serve to develop the gas for combustion. The air passing up into the gasifier will strike against the cap d and be directed out through the perfora- 8 5 tions of the Abody d. The cap acts as a spreader. In starting the lamp this cap becomes heated, and almost instantly sufficient heat is generated in the flame to cause the mantle to incandesce, which mantle is sus- 9o pended from a rod e. In practice a lampchimney of considerable height is employed, whereby the draft of air will be one of great speed. The rapidly-rising current Within the wick-tube is subdivided, a portion entering In this way eddies of air are Ico will cause the incandescence of the mantle. When the wick is down, the flame will be white, as usual in petroleum-lamps; but this small flame will not cause any bad smell, as an abundant access of atmospheric air, inside and outside, aided and induced by the heat of combustion causes a lcomplete combust-ion of the gas developed. On raising the wick about half-way up to the lower rim of the gasifier the liame will become entirely blue, this effect being obtained, primarily, by reducing the outlet or the air-current between the end of the wick and the under side of the ring of the gasifier, thereby intensifying said current, and, secondarily, by the eddies of air passing out through the perforations in the tubular body. In addition thereto at the outside of the wick strong and rapid currents of air pass through the gallery-support and also through the gallery, the currents through the latter being divided into upper and lower divisions, the upper currents being fed to the dame through the perforations in the cylinder, located above the upper end of the wick-tube. The several currents of air produced by the construction herein described combining with the flame on the interior and exterior serve to produce a blue flame of intense heat which will develop no black and heat the mantle to a bright incandescent light.

The second feature of my invention consists of simple means for raising and lowering the gallery. To the lower side thereof, at opposite points, l secure two depending arms E E, having lower ri ght-an gular branches e', formed with longitudinal slots e2. Each of these arms is preferably formed from a bar e3, which is bent down parallel therewith and extended down into hollow guides e4, secured to and projecting upwardly in the gallery-support. A rock-shaft F is extended transversely across and supported by the gallery-support near one side thereof, and from this rock-shaft project two arms f, -carrying at their outer ends pins f', which project into the slots e2. One end f2 of this rock-shaft is widened to form a key-like handle by which the rockshaft can be turned. The turning of this rock-shaft will effect the raising and lowering of the gallery, the pins f traveling from end to end of the slots of the right-angular arms. The gallery can be moved up and down in a straight line by the bars traveling in the guides e3 and will be held in an elevated position when the pins f' are at the right-hand end of the slot, Fig. 4.

The operation of my burner is as follows: To light the lamp, the gallery is raised by turning the rock-shaft F. The height of the 4wick is then adjusted so that it is just above the top of the wick-tube, a light is applied to it, and the gallery is lowered to its original position. Vhen the lamp is first lighted, a

rising around the gasiiier. The ame will continue to rise until it reaches the top of the gasifier, and if the lamp be left in this condition it will rise even higher. The fiame, however, being luminous, is incapable of incandescin g the mantle, as it is not sufficiently hot, and, if it rose `high enough,would deposit carbon upon the mantle. Vifhen the iame has about reached the top of the gasier, the wick is raised suddenly by giving the wickadjusting shaft a partial turn, and as this is done the luminous flame entirely disappears and the mantle becomes incandescent. The incandescence of the mantle is then due to combustion which takes place outside of the gasifier and at and near the perforations iu theside thereof. The iiame produced by this combustion is blue or colorless. This conibustion is due to gas which rises from the wick, passes inside the gasiiier d, is there mixed with air coming from the central draft-tube and which is heated by the gasifier, and then passes out through the perforations in the gasiiier and encounters the air which enters through the perforations in the gallery and gallery support. Close observation shows that when the blue or colorless flame about the gasifier is being produced there is, besides the combustion which takes place around the gasifier, a small iiame at the wick and nearly or entirely upon the inner exposed surface thereof.

l claim as my inventionl l. In a lamp-burner having a central wick;- tube, a perforated gallery and a perforated cylinder within said gallery surrounding the upper end of said wick-tube and extending above the gasiiier, a gasifier located immediately above said wick-tube, and consisting of a perforated body, an upper imperforated cap and lower ring, the latter being parallel to the end of the wick-tube, as set forth.

2. The herein-described lamp-burner comprisin g a central wick-tube, a perforated gallery andV gallery-support surrounding said tube, an upper perforated cylinder within said gallery extending from below the top of the wick-tube to above the gasiiier, and a gasifier consisting of a perforated tubular body located centrally above and close to said wicktube and having an upper cap and a lower ring, the latter being located parallel with the upper end of said wick-tube, substantially as set forth.-

3. The herein-described lamp-burner comprising a central wick-tube, a gallery and support therefor having perforations therein, a flanged ring within said gallery, a perforated cylinder above said ring and extending above the gasier, said ring surrounding the upper end of said wick-tube, a gasifier consisting of a perforated tubular body, and upper imperforate cap, and a ring on `the lower end of said tubular body close to the wick-tube, a rod depending from said cap and a support in said wick-tube for said rod, substantially as set forth.

ICO

4. In a lamp-burner having a central wicktube and perforated gallery extending above the gasifier, a gasifier consisting of a perforated cylinder within said gallery, a ring located above, close to, and parallel with the upper end of said wick-tube, a perforated tubular body above said ring to which the latter is secured, and a spreader, substantially as set forth.

5. A lamp-burner for incandescent petroleum-lamps having a central wick-tube and an outer perforated gallery and gallery-support, a -perforatedl cylinder extending above the gasiiier, the gasifier consisting of an upright cylinder supported Within said Wicktnbe, and a ring located above, close to, and parallel with the upper end 0f said wick-tube, and a spreader with a mantle above and around said gasier, whereby a bright incandescent light may be produced, substantially as set forth.

6. In a lau1p-burner, a movable gallery carried by vertically-sliding uprights, said uprights being bent outwardly and downwardly at the top, the downwardbends having slotted right-angular extensions, in combination kwith a rock-shaft carrying arms having pins working in the slots in said extensions, substantially as set forth.

7. In a lamp-burner, the combination of a wick-tube composed of inner and outer members, the inner member forming a draft-tube and having an opening for the admission of air; a gasiier above the wick-tube consisting of a tubular shell or thimble having a top plate, perforated sides, and a delecting-ring below said top and perforated sides and located directly above and close to the top of the wich when the lamp is in operation, said gasifier having also an opening for the admission of air from the draft-tube and gas from the Wick; and a casing surrounding the wicktube and gasifier and provided with openings lfor the admission of air into the space surrounding the wich-tube and gasiiier, the construction and proportions of the parts being such that when the lamp is in operation combustible vapor generated by the iiame at the top of the wick passes through the gasiiier and the perforations therein, and burns with a blue or colorless flame on the outside of the gasifier, substantially as described.

8. In a lamp-burner, the combination, with wick and inner-draft tubes, of a gasier above the wick-tube consisting of a tubular shell or thimble having a top plate, perforated sides, and a deflecting-ring at the bottom, located directly above and close to the top of the Wick when the lamp is in operation, said gasier having in its bottom an opening through which air from the draft-tube and gas from the wick may pass into the gasifier and through the perforations therein, and be burned with a blue or colorless flame on the outside of the gasifer, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with a central-draft wick-tube, of a hollow gasiiier located close to the top of the Wick-tube, and having an open lower end and openings for the exit of ithe vapor and air, the construction and proportion of the parts being such that a luminous flame can be produced extending from the wick upward and outside of the gasier, or a blue or colorless dame produced projecting from thegasifier, substantially as described. In testimony whereof l have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PAUL LUCAS. VVitnesses VALDERMAR HAUPT, HENRY HAsPnR. 

